The Northern Cape ​is in one if the driest parts of South Africa, and is home to the Kalahari desert. The largest of South Africa’s provinces, it is also the least-populated. ​It borders four other provinces and two other countries (Namibia and Botswana). Kimberley, its capital, is where the diamond industry began, and is a fascinating place to visit to discover one of the more important factors in changing South Africa’s history. The ” Big Hole​”​ ​is a remarkable site, ​a​s is the adjacent ​Kimberley Mine Museum.​ Famous also for the siege of Kimberley during the Anglo-Boer War, there are numerous interesting memorials and monuments to discover. Outside of Kimberley, the ​ Magersfontein​ Anglo-Boer War ​battlefield site is worth a visit. ​ ​The Kalahari Gemsbok National Park, which is part of the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park with Botswana is an important reserve, as is the privately-owned Tswalu Kalahari Reserve.